Blender 3D: Noob to Pro/Modeling a Simple Person

위키책, 위키책

	내용을 보다 알차게 한다는 전제조건 밑에서 참여자께서는 이 문서를 재편집하실 수 있습니다. 누가 언제 마지막으로 글을 썼으며 그리고 쓰고 있는지는 문서역사를 살펴 보시기 바랍니다.
번역 요망

블렌더로 간단한 사람 모양을 만들면서 개체를 선택하는 법과 돌출효과 내는 법 등을 배운다.

차례 1 새 프로젝트 만들기 2 Selection Methods 2.1 1. Box Selection 2.2 2. Circle Selection 2.3 3. Lasso Selection 2.4 4. One By One Selection 2.5 5. Face Selection 2.6 6. Edge Selection 3 Learning Extrusion 3.1 Region extrusion 3.2 Starting with a simple leg 3.3 And now, the pelvis 3.4 Drawing the other body parts 4 Adding the head 5 Summary: Keys & Commands

[+/-] 새 프로젝트 만들기

기본 장면(scene)으로 시작한다. 기본 장면에는 하나의 큐브가 있다.

해볼 것:

• RMB(마우스 오른쪽 클릭) (매킨토시 마우스로는 CMD+LMB)로 큐브를 선택한다.
• MMB(마우스 가운데 클릭) (매킨토시 마우스로는 ALT+LMB)로 드래그하면서 큐브를 다른 각도로 살펴 본다.
• NUM7(숫자패드의 7번)을 눌러서 '위에서 보기'화면으로 돌아간다.
• TAB키를 누르면 편집 모드(Edit Mode)와 개체 모드(Object mode)사이에 전환할 수 있다. 아래의 그림을 보면 현재의 모드가 옵션 버튼에 나타난다.
  

  현재 모드를 보여줌

[+/-] Selection Methods

This section proposes five methods for selecting the default cube's top four vertices. The image on the right shows the view rotated a bit with the correct vertices selected. (이 단원에서는 기본 큐브 상단의 네 점들을 선택하는 다섯 가지 방법을 제시하고 있습니다. 오른쪽 그림을 보시면, 약간 회전된 큐브 상단의 4개의 점이 정확히 선택된 것이 보입니다.)

Before we start, make sure the Limit selection to visible button is on (in Blender 2.46 this button is called Occlude background geometry). You'll only be able to find this button when you're in Edit Mode. It is not available in Wireframe Mode: hit ZKEY if you cannot find it. It'll appear on the bottom of the 3D View window, far right, just before the Render button.(시작하기 전에, "Limit selection to visible"버튼이 켜져있는지 확인하십시오.(블렌더 2.46버전에서는 "Occlude background geometry"버튼입니다.) 이 버튼은 "Edit Mode"일 때만 보입니다. 그리고 "Wireframe Mode"일 때도 보이지 않습니다. 혹시 버튼을 찾을 수 없다면 ZKEY를 눌러 "Wireframe Mode"를 해제시켜보십시오. 아마 이 버튼은 3D View윈도우의 오른쪽 끝, "Render"버튼 바로 앞에 있습니다.)

'Note:' In Blender 2.42 for Mac OS X running on a MacBook, there is a display problem with the box and circle selections: the selection box and circle do not appear on screen (this is valid for both the Intel and the PowerPC versions).

The default is Object Mode. The cube should be selected; switch to Edit Mode then proceed. (기본설정은 "Object Mode"입니다. 큐브를 선택하신 뒤에 "Edit Mode"로 바꾸십시오.)

[+/-] 1. Box Selection

This tool draws a square that you resize to frame the top four vertices (or dots).

1. Deselect all vertices by pressing the AKEY;
2. Press the BKEY to activate what is known as the Box Border Select Tool (it starts as two dotted lines).

Now, when you click and hold LMB and move the mouse cursor, a selection border will appear. When you release the mouse button, the vertices that are inside it will be selected. Select the top four vertices. If you made a mistake, you can start again after hitting AKEY to deselect the selected vertices. Make sure all the vertices are deselected (pink, not yellow) before trying the next method.

틀:Blender 3D: HotKeys/Multiple Windows/Multiple Modes/BKEY

[+/-] 2. Circle Selection

1. Deselect all vertices by pressing the AKEY;
2. Press the BKEY twice to activate the Circle Border Select tool.

A circle appears around the mouse cursor. You can resize the circle with SCROLL (the mouse wheel) or alternatively use the NUM+/NUM- or PgUp/PgDn keys.

• Select vertices either by dragging with LMB or clicking at several places.
• Deselect vertices by clicking or dragging with the MMB (or ALT+LMB).

To adjust your selection, note that SHIFT+RMB toggles a single vertex selection.

Note: If ALT + LMB moves the current window, then to deselect a vertex use CTRL+ALT+LMB or MMB instead.

The Circle Border Select tool will be active until you press RMB, ESC or SPACE.

틀:Blender 3D: HotKeys/3D View/Edit Mode/BKEY-BKEY

[+/-] 3. Lasso Selection

Like many graphics programs, Blender 3D has a lasso selection tool.

1. Deselect all vertices by pressing the AKEY;
2. Hold CTRL+LMB and draw a circle around the vertices you want to select. Release the LMB when you're done.

To deselect with the lasso, use CTRL+SHIFT+LMB.

[+/-] 4. One By One Selection

You can also select the four vertices one by one.

1. Deselect all vertices by pressing the AKEY;
2. Select a single vertex with RMB (CMD+LMB on one button Mac mouse);
3. Select additional vertices by holding SHIFT while pressing the RMB. Clicking again on a selected vertex deselects it.

[+/-] 5. Face Selection

In addition to those vertex selection methods, there is yet another option: on the right of your viewport header you can see selection modes. Choose the Face select mode (the triangle with a dot inside) and select the top face of the cube with the RMB (CMD+LMB on one button Mac mouse). Then switch back to Vertex select mode (the four dots in a diamond formation). As you will see, all four vertices forming the top face are selected (this is also called "selection transformation").

Alternatively, with the mouse pointer in the 3D viewport, you can hit CTRL+TAB and select Vertices or Faces mode from the popup menu.

You can de-select a face by hitting AKEY

[+/-] 6. Edge Selection

In addition to those vertex selection methods, there is yet another option: on the right of your viewport header you can see selection modes. Choose the Edge select mode (the two parallel lines) and select the left edge of the cube with the RMB (CMD+LMB on one button Mac mouse). Then SHIFT+RMB on the right edge to add it to the selection. Then switch back to Vertex select mode (the four dots in a diamond formation). As you will see, all four vertices forming the two top edges are selected (this is also called "selection transformation").

[+/-] Learning Extrusion

The pictures below are in orthographic view. Depending on Blender's version, the default view is either perspective or orthographic. If you need to switch to the orthographic view, press NUM5 (or choose it from the VIEW menu, as shown in the picture). Also remember that NUM1 restores the front view.

[+/-] Region extrusion

With the top four vertices selected (which will appear like the top two in your screen), hit the EKEY. Choose Region from the popup menu, then move the mouse: four -new- vertices attached to the four that were previously selected are moving around with the mouse pointer. You can drop them in place with LMB, SPACE, or ENTER.

Notes:

• In Blender 2.42a and 2.43a, you may not have the Region option; so just ignore choosing region and continue.
• If the menu doesn't popup, you are probably in face selection mode. Move back to vertex selection mode by clicking the right icon.
• If the popup menu only presents the Only Edges and Only Vertices choices, you probably have not selected four vertices that make up a face. (It can also happen when some of the vertices are doubled: try selecting all vertices while in Edit Mode and hit the WKEY to display the Specials menu. Then choose Remove Doubles; it can also be accessed through the Rem Doubles under the Mesh Tools tab).

틀:Blender 3D: HotKeys/3D View/Multiple Modes/EKEY

[+/-] Starting with a simple leg

More likely than not, wherever you extruded the vertices to is not the right spot for this tutorial. Hit the UKEY or CTRL+ZKEY (CMD+ZKEY Mac) to undo your last edit. You should see just your original cube with the top four vertices selected.

Now hit the EKEY again. Again, choose Region. This time, as you're moving the extruded vertices around, hold down CTRL and you'll see that they will only move to certain spots. This is called snapping. The vertices snap predetermined positions. We'll talk more about snapping later, but for now, set the vertices in the right spot so that it looks like two cubes of equal size stacked on top of each other.

Repeat the process until you have five boxes of equal size stacked on top of each other. And that, my friend, is a very simple leg!

Hint: Don't stretch one box all the way to make the desired shape - You must create all stacked boxes in sequence, or you won't get the nodes (a more detailed mesh) that are required.

[+/-] And now, the pelvis

Hit AKEY to deselect the current vertices. Select the four vertices on the right face of the top cube. You may want to rotate your view a little with the MMB to see them all. Alternatively, with Limit Selection to Visible off, a simple box selection (BKEY) over the two visible vertices will also select the ones behind them. Extrude twice to the right.

[+/-] Drawing the other body parts

The same trick is repeated over and over to build the rest of our simple body.

You may want to switch to Face select mode to select the four vertices of a face with a single click. This way the extrusion tools will automatically extrude a region, so you won't have to choose the Region option each time you extrude a face.

At this point your model might get too big to fit in your view. You can pan the view by:

• either holding CTRL and pressing NUM4, NUM8, NUM6, NUM2,
• or holding SHIFT and dragging with MMB.

Left/Right leg

Torso

Arms

Now, check that all is well: toggle on solid mode by hitting the ZKEY and examine every body side. If some faces are missing, it's easy to fix. To create a face from four vertices, select them and press the FKEY (or choose the Mesh → Make Edge/Face menu from the viewport header).

[+/-] Adding the head

Important note: make sure you're still in Edit Mode (pictured) when adding the head. If you're not, the head and the body will not be part of the same object and changes on the body won't affect the head, which is required in the next section.

Select a point just above the top of the neck using the LMB: the red and white circle is the cursor. To adjust the cursor's position, switch between the top, front and side views (using the NUM7, NUM1, and NUM3 key respectively). You can also use the snap tool: press SHIFT+S to bring up the snap menu and select Cursor → Grid.

Once you're happy with the position, press the SPACE key to bring up the popup menu. Select Add → Icosphere. In some Blender versions you may have to choose the subdivision number. Just click OK. You should now have a small sphere at the top of the body. To make it more proportional to the body, resize it with the scale tool:

• select Mesh → Transform → Scale from the viewport menu,
• while holding LMB, draw a triangle on the screen,
• or just press the SKEY.

If you deselect the head and then decide that you want to move it or resize it again, select one vertex of the head, then click Select → Linked Vertices (or use CTRL+L). All the head's vertices will then be selected again, and none of the body's. Then press GKEY to grab and move the head, or SKEY to resize it. Hold down CTRL as you move it around if you would like it to snap to the grid.

Don't forget that you are in 3D; use the MMB to move your point of view around to make sure that the head really sticks in the neck.

Note: to make your character more realistic, add Blender's monkey head instead of the icosphere. The path is: SPACE → Add → Monkey (don't forget to do it in Edit Mode).

Another note:

Here is the person with a monkey head, its just as easy as the Icosphere. You place the cursor at the right spot (In the middle of the top box) and then you create a monkey. SPACE → Add → Monkey. Then you scale it. I scaled it with 2. But I found it a little bit far to the back so I placed it forward with 0,6.

There you go, a monkey person.

[+/-] Summary: Keys & Commands

These are the keys and commands used on this page:

Key	Mode	Description
RMB or CMD+LMB (Mac users with one mouse button)	Object	Select an object
NUM1		Go to front view
TAB		Toggle between Edit Mode and Object Mode
BKEY then LMB and drag		Box selection
AKEY		Toggle between Select All and Select None
BKEY BKEY (pressed twice) then LMB and drag		Circle selection
CTRL+LMB and drag		Lasso selection
RMB then SHIFT+RMB		One-by-one selection
(click the vertex/edge/face selection buttons)		Change the selection mode
CMD+TAB (CTRL+TAB in Windows/UNIX)		Change the selection mode
select vertices then EKEY		Extrude
CTRL	while extruding	Enable snapping
MMB or ALT+LMB		Rotate the 3D view
ZKEY		Toggle wireframe/solid view
FKEY		Make Edge/Face from selected vertices
NUM3		Side view
SHIFT+SKEY		Snap cursor or selection to the grid
GKEY		Grab the current selection and move it
ZKEY (or XKEY or YKEY)	grab mode (GKEY)	Constrain motion to the Z (or X or Y) axis
SKEY		Change the scale (size) of selection
SPACE		Brings up the menu
WKEY		To choose Remove Doubles; it can also be accessed through the Rem Doubles under the Mesh Tools tab

틀:B3D:N2P/NAV